C

case management - the process of facilitating the access of a patient to appropriate rehabilitation and support programs and coordination of the delivery of services.

closed head injury - trauma to the head that does not penetrate the skull, but injures the brain.

cognition - the conscious process of the mind by which individuals perceive, think, and remember.

coma - a state of unconsciousness from which the patient cannot be aroused, even by powerful stimulation. The unawareness of self or environment.  

D

day care - a service provided during ordinary working hours for the patient who requires supervision, including assistance with medication, meal preparation, dressing or moving about.

diffuse axonal Injury (DAI) - the widespread structural injury and disruption of axons, the wires of communication that exist between brain cells, that results from the forces of trauma.

diffuse brain damage - injury to the brain in many different areas rather than in one location. Diffuse damage is common in severe traumatic brain injuries.  

diplopia - double vision; the perception of two images of a single object.

dysarthria - difficulty in forming words and articulating often because of disturbances of oral muscle control when speaking.

dysmetria - inability to coordinate a movement of the extremities.

E

executive function - an organizational cognitive brain function that allows for available information to be used in planning, prioritizing, sequencing, self-monitoring, self correcting, inhibiting, initiating, controlling, or altering behavior.

extended care facility - a residential facility for the patient who requires 24-hour nursing care or rehabilitative therapy on a less intensive basis than in an inpatient comprehensive rehabilitation center.

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